Mikołaj Ryśkiewicz

Analysis of the Constitutional Crisis from the Perspective of the Constitution’s Axiological Function. Outline of Basic Theoretical Issues

Dr Wojciech Mojski

Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin

English abstract: Disputes about values are completely natural in a state whose system is based on an axiologically open constitution. Another value in such a state should also be the constitution itself, which in the systemic sense guarantees an essentially equal position of various social and individual values. However, the constitutional crisis is not a natural dispute over values in a state with an axiologically open constitution, but is a situation that arose in the system of government, with a bad faith attempt being made to impose an exclusive system of values, while violating constitutional norms. This attempt concerns the fundamental values of a constitutionally regulated system, and thus the effect of this unconstitutional procedure is not only to undermine the constitution’s legal function, but also its axiological function. The aim of the study is to present the basic problems related to this issue, primarily in the context of the assumptions of constitutional theory, but also taking into account experiences with the Polish system of government in recent years.

Keywords: constitution’s functions, constitutional values, constitutional crisis

Language: Polish

Published: Number 1(30)/2022, pp. 55-62

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36280/AFPiFS.2022.1.55

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Number of downloads: 348

This text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.

General Constitutional Clauses: Between the Legislative Construction and Its Implementation

Prof. dr hab. Leszek Leszczyński

Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin

English abstract: The aim of this paper is to present and analyse in terms of theory of law the general reference clauses, which, as a normative construction, are also formulated in the provisions of constitutional law. Within the framework of these analyses, apart from conceptual issues, the constructions used in three 20^th-century Polish Constitutions (of 1921, of 1935, of 1952), created in different political conditions, are presented. All of them were rather restrained as regards the number of extra-legal references, although the 1952 Constitution added to this practice an ideologized language of a legal text. It is not possible to compare it – either in the context of the number of clauses or the breadth of references – with the Constitution of 1997. The main parts of this paper include a linguistic, normative and systematizing analysis of the references contained in the current Polish Constitution, as well as an indication of their implementation effects. On this basis, selected aspects of the titular relation between the enactment and application of constitutional reference clauses are determined.

Keywords: general clauses, legislative construction, enactment and application of clauses

Language: Polish

Published: Number 1(30)/2022, pp. 44-54

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36280/AFPiFS.2022.1.44

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Number of downloads: 358

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Protection of Fundamental Rights as an Argument in the Dispute over the Legitimacy of Judicial Review. Selected Issues

Prof. UMK dr hab. Aleksandra Kustra-Rogatka

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

English abstract: The dynamic development of judicial review of the constitutionality of laws in the second half of the twentieth century is reflected in contemporary theories of judicial review. They go beyond the original axis of the dispute over the legitimacy of judicial review, which was shaped by the counter-majoritarian dilemma, and often become more nuanced. In addition to arguments related to the conceptions of institutional cooperation and accountability function of judicial review, rights-based theories of judicial review take on more and more importance.

The aim of this article is to outline a wide range of issues related to the protection of fundamental rights, which protection is considered as an argument in the dispute over the legitimacy of constitutional courts. The study presents selected issues that influence the current discourse on judicial review, which include: types of such judicial review; types of arguments used in the analysed discourse; the link between fundamental rights and various concepts of democracy; and judicial review of legislative decisions concerning positive rights guarantees.

Keywords: constitutional courts, fundamental rights, democracy, positive rights

Language: Polish

Published: Number 1(30)/2022, pp. 33-43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36280/AFPiFS.2022.1.33

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Number of downloads: 395

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Introduction to the Fidelity to the Constitution

Szymon A. Gasz, Marek P. Kaczmarczyk

University of Warsaw

English abstract: The time of changes taking place in the constitutional order, both constitutional and fait accompli changes, is undoubtedly an interesting opportunity for in-depth analyses. These analyses can be made from various perspectives. The authors focus on three basic perspectives – that of law, philosophy and political science – in order to investigate what they refer to as constitutional fidelity. The limited framework of the paper only permits providing an introduction to the subject. In this text, the authors indicate the basic categories of constitutional fidelity, reflect on the dimensions of this fidelity, and try to propose a solution to the puzzle of the future of Polish constitutionalism. The entire analysis repeatedly refers to sociological and, to some extent, psychological categories, because constitutional fidelity is, first of all, a proper civic attitude and a relationship, the awareness of which is often only discovered at a moment of crisis.

Keywords: constitution, constitutionalism, fidelity to the constitution, constitutional crisis, legal interpretation, civic society

Language: Polish

Published: Number 1(30)/2022, pp. 17-32

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36280/AFPiFS.2022.1.17

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Number of downloads: 365

This text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.

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