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Andrey Zvyagintsev’s ‘Leviathan’: The Unbearable State of Nature

Mgr Katarzyna Krzyżanowska

European University Institute, Florence

Abstract: Leviathan by Andrey Zvyagintsev is a  movie that depicts the world in a  state of nature, with no prospects for creating a Hobbesian social contract. Set in the Russian peripheries, the film depicts a respected and caring family man who is gradually deprived of everything because of lack of political order with enforceable law and justice. The movie is a depiction of a contemporary “failed state”, equalized with the state of nature, where there is no legitimate power and violence remains the only tool to achieve goals both in private and public spheres. Religion consists of empty rituals that serve corrupt officials to maintain power. This world cannot last without innocent victims, scapegoats of the society, one of whom is the protagonist of the movie. This paper offers a legal and philosophical inquiry into the film, as it draws especially on the theory of the social contract proposed by Hobbes. It depicts a Russian town as a symbol of the state of nature as envisioned by Hobbes and describes the reasons why the social contract has not been made. According to Hobbes’s theory, in the state of nature concepts like justice and injustice do not convey any meaning; therefore, this paper investigates other: theological and anthropological concepts, to explore the meaning of Zvyagintsev’s Leviathan.

Keywords:  Leviathan, Hobbes, Legendre, Agamben, crisis, ritual, religion, law

Language: English

Published: Number 1(26)/2021, s. 62-75.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36280/AFPiFS.2021.1.62

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Liczba ściągnięć: 197

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Agamben, crisis, Hobbes, Katarzyna Krzyżanowska, law, Legendre, Leviathan, religion, ritual

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Keywords

emergency situation dealing with the past legal science Paweł Skuczyński Wojciech Ciszewski objectivity michał peno Monika Zalewska deliberative democracy French Radical Enlightenment security service rule of law Michał Araszkiewicz Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca language of law public truths British Critical Legal Conference embodied cognition Aleksander Olaf Szpojankowski analytical philosophy neopragmatism moral judgement constitutional identity judicial formalism a contrario teacher Walzer thick properties hard cases profession of advocate moral competence legal interpretation legal values dualism of law social policy legal gap Arkadiusz Barut Otto von Gierke legal philosophy theory of the institution political concept of human rights Andrzej Malinowski public justification Searle John Rawls Georgii Sibirtsev American legal realism legal lenguage law-making Tomasz Bekrycht

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